LEXINGTON, Ky. (FOX 56) — April marks National Child Abuse Prevention Month in the U.S., highlighting that abuse is not always physical.
Doctors say reports of psychological maltreatment—a form of abuse that leaves no visible marks—have been increasing in recent years.
According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services’ Children’s Bureau, Kentucky and Indiana rank among the states with the highest child abuse rates in the country.
Norton Children’s in Louisville defines psychological abuse as a repeated pattern of behavior by a caregiver that makes a child feel unloved or worthless, potentially harming their self-esteem and emotional well-being.
Dr. Melissa Currie, a child abuse pediatrician at Norton Children’s, said psychological maltreatment can have lasting effects that extend into adulthood.
She noted that rising reports do not necessarily mean the problem is worsening, but rather that increased awareness and education are helping people recognize and report it.
“Psychological maltreatment doesn’t leave bruises or physical signs, and so it can be hard to pick up on. Often folks normalize psychological maltreatment, as you know, strict parenting, or that’s just how I was raised, or it’s just words. But unfortunately, words can have quite a profound impact on children. And as I said, well into adulthood,” Dr. Currie said.
Research shows this form of abuse can lead to anxiety, depression, substance use disorders, and other long-term effects.
Currie said warning signs may include caregivers frequently belittling or insulting a child, using harsh language, or offering constant criticism.
Other indicators can include sudden behavioral changes or declining academic performance.
Anyone who suspects a child is being abused is urged to call (877) 597-2331.
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